1. Main Testing Standards
The testing basis for solenoid valves is generally categorized into national standards, industry standards, and international standards, specifically including:
1. General and Industrial Control Standards
GB/T 39484: Industrial Process Control Valves - Solenoid Valves
GB/T 13927: Industrial Valves - Pressure Testing
GB 30439.6-2014: Safety Requirements for Industrial Automation Products - Part 6: Safety Requirements for Solenoid Valves
ISO 1224-2: Solenoid Valve Life and Leakage Class
2. Automotive and Internal Combustion Engine Standards
QC/T 770-2006: Technical Specifications for Automotive Solenoid Valves
GB/T 25362-2010 / GB/T 25363-2010: Electromechanical Solenoid Fuel Injector Assemblies of Gasoline Engines - Technical Conditions / Testing Methods
GB/T 35175-2015: High-speed Switching Solenoid Valves for Automatic Transmissions of Automobiles
3. Specialized Standards for Refrigeration, Gas, and Marine Applications
JB/T 10307: Gas Solenoid Valves
JB/T 4119-2013: Solenoid Valves for Refrigeration
CB 1141-1985 / CB/T 3698-1995: Marine Ball-type Pilot Solenoid Valves / Marine Pneumatic Solenoid Valves
4. International and General Safety Standards
EN 60730: Continuous Action Durability Testing for Solenoid Valves (Covers both mechanical and electrical durability)
BS ISO 15218-2003 / ISO 15218-2003: Pneumatic Fluid Power - 3/2 Solenoid Valves - Mounting Interface Surfaces
2. Core Testing Items and Methods
Based on the above standards, a complete testing scheme for solenoid valves typically includes the following core dimensions:
1. Appearance and Basic Structural Inspection
Check for cracks, deformation, or rust on the housing and coil; ensure nameplate markings are clear and complete; inspect interface threads for stripped threads or burrs; and check output terminals for oxidation or damaged insulation.
2. Electrical Performance Testing
Coil DC Resistance: Compare with the nominal resistance value to determine if there is an open circuit (infinite resistance), inter-turn short circuit (low resistance), or internal cold solder joint (fluctuating resistance).
Insulation and Dielectric Strength: Test the insulation resistance (usually required to be ≥20MΩ) and dielectric strength between the coil terminals and the metal housing to prevent leakage or breakdown.
Actuation Voltage and Temperature Rise: Verify the pull-in voltage (≤85% of rated voltage) and drop-out voltage (≥10% of rated voltage); conduct a continuous energization test at the rated voltage to check the temperature rise (usually required surface temperature rise to be ≤60K).
3. Actuation and Response Performance Testing
No-load and Pressurized Opening/Closing: Test whether the spool opens and closes smoothly without jamming or abnormal noise. Record the response time (e.g., direct-acting opening <0.05s, pilot-operated 0.1~0.5s).
Manual Override: Verify whether the solenoid valve equipped with a manual override stem can be opened normally when pressed and reset automatically.
4. Air Tightness and Pressure Strength Testing
Internal and External Leakage: Maintain the maximum working pressure and check if there is continuous overflow or dripping of gas or liquid media. Apply soapy water to external seals to check for continuous bubbles.
Pressure Strength: Maintain 1.5 times the maximum working pressure (e.g., for 1~3 minutes) to ensure the valve body does not deform, rupture, or leak.
5. Durability and Environmental Reliability Testing
Life Cycle Durability: Conduct continuous on-off cycles at the rated pressure and voltage (e.g., general water/gas valves ≥100,000 cycles, industrial high-pressure valves ≥500,000 cycles). After testing, the internal leakage should not exceed the standard limits.
Environmental Adaptability: Conduct high and low-temperature holding tests (e.g., -20℃ to +80℃), vibration and shock tests, and salt spray corrosion tests to ensure no sealing leakage and no coil short circuits under extreme working conditions.